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is a private organization that provides the necessary tools for its members, following the mandates of its clients, enter orders and conduct negotiations for buying and selling securities such as shares in companies or joint stock companies, public bonds and private facilities , certificates, diplomas of participation and a wide variety of investment instruments.

The trading of securities on stock markets is based on a known prices and fixed in real time, in a secure environment for the activity of investors and in which the mechanism of the transaction is fully regulated, ensuring the legality, security and transparency.

Stock exchanges strengthen capital markets and encourage economic and financial development in most countries of the world, where there are in some cases for centuries, from the creation of the first such entities created in the first seventeenth century.

The institution stock exchange, in a complementary manner in the economy of countries, attempts to satisfy three main interests:

The company, because by placing its shares on the market and be acquired by the public, obtained from this financing necessary to meet its goals and generate wealth.
The savers, because these become investors and can make profits through dividends that accrue to them their actions.
The State, because, even in the stock market, has a means to finance and addressing public spending and advance new works and social outreach programs.
Participants of the bag are basically the plaintiffs capital (companies, public or private organizations and other entities), capital suppliers (savers, investors) and intermediaries.

Securities trading on exchanges is done through exchange members, usually known by the name of brokers, authorized securities, corporate securities brokerage, brokerages, agents or brokers operators, according to the name given in each country, who do their work in exchange for a commission. In many markets, other entities and individuals also have partial access to the stock market, as it is called to all activities of primary and secondary market transaction and placement of issues of equity and fixed income.

Today, stock exchanges systems work with some forecasting methods that allow corporations and investors have a framework of how the market will behave in the future and therefore make good decisions portfolio. These systems work on the basis of historical and mathematical data.

To list its securities on the Exchange, companies must first make public their financial statements, because through them can be determined indicators that let you know the financial situation of the companies. Stock exchanges are regulated, supervised and controlled by nation states, although the vast majority of them were founded in prior to the creation of the official supervisory bodies dates.

The word “bag” has its origin in a building that belonged to a noble family, surnamed Van der Buërse in the European city of Bruges, in the region of Flanders (now Belgium), where were held meetings and meetings of character trade. The coat of arms of this family was represented by three leather bags, purses of the time. In those times the volume of the negotiations, the importance of this family and transactions in that location were made, people gave the name to the site and the role of “Buërse” and by extension all over the world he continued denominating “bolsa” the centers securities transactions or products.

Bruges, which once had 100,000 inhabitants, surpassed in population to cities like London and Paris and was a commercial center of first order in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the main northern Europe, both for its status as a port city as its intense production of textiles and especially the famous “Flemish cloth” renowned for their quality, besides being the marketing center of Europe’s oldest diamonds.

However, what is considered the first bag it was created in Antwerp, Belgium, in 1460, and the second in Amsterdam in the early seventeenth century, when the city became the center of world trade. The stock market as such and based on its predecessors, comes after the French Revolution in the eighteenth century promoting capitalism rather than a feudal system. At the same time the term is coined by Adam Smith in his book The Wealth of Nations.

The Amsterdam Stock Exchange is considered the oldest in the world. It was founded in 1602 by the Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or “VOC”) to make deals with stocks and bonds. Later it was renamed Amsterdam Bourse and was the first to formally negotiate with financial assets.

The Amsterdam Stock Exchange market also functioned as colonial products. He published a newsletter that served as a benchmark of transactions weekly.